Introduction to ASTM Stainless Steel Wire Rod and Wire Standards in the United States
There are a total of 9 ASTM stainless steel wire rod and wire standards in the United States, including A555, A313, A368, M78, A492, A493, A580, A581, and F138. Below is an introduction to the standards.
1、 General requirements for A555/A555M stainless steel wire rods and wires
This standard specifies the definitions of relevant terms, manufacturing processes, processing quality, dimensions and allowable deviations, allowable deviations in finished product chemical composition, inspection batch requirements, test methods and sampling quantities, retesting and reprocessing, packaging standards, and other aspects.
1.1 Terminology.
Here are two terms:
Wire rod: A semi-finished product mainly used for producing steel wire. Generally, it is a strip of approximately circular cross-section made by hot rolling and continuously rolled into a disc shape.
Steel wire: A type of coil product with a circular or irregular cross-section, made by cold precision processing of wire rods.
1.2 Delivery status and processing quality: According to specific standards and order regulations, goods can be supplied in the state of annealing, bright annealing, cold processing, or user requirements. The material should have uniform and good quality, and possible defects should be limited to not damaging subsequent mechanical processing, forming, or manufacturing of finished parts.
1.3 Dimensions and allowable deviations
Hot rolled wire rod: diameter>6.35mm to 34mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.20mm-+_ 0.30mm, corresponding out of roundness is 0.28mm~0.45mm.
Round steel wire (excluding cold rolled steel wire): diameter ≥ 0.08m~≤ 25.00mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.003mm~0.06mm, and out of roundness does not exceed half of the corresponding dimensional tolerance.
Hexagonal, octagonal, and square steel wires: the distance between the opposite sides is ≥ 3.00mm ≤ 25.00mm, and the corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.005mm~0.12mm.
Flat steel wire: width and allowable deviation - when the width is 1.50mm~≤ 25.00mm, and the thickness is ≤ 6.50m, the corresponding allowable deviation of the width is ± 0.12mm -+± 0.15mm; When the thickness is>6.50mm, it is ± 0.12mm~± 0.10mm. Allowable deviation of thickness - thickness ≥ 0.70mm~≤ 1.00mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.03mm~+± 0.05mm.
1.4 Regulations for inspection batches
(1) Chemical analysis of finished products: The same heat is used as one inspection batch.
(2) Other tests: Generally, a batch is composed of materials produced with the same heat number, size, and processing conditions.
All austenitic, ferritic, and free cutting stainless steels, as well as martensitic steel in the annealed state and precipitation hardened steel in solution treatment, can be heat treated using controlled treatment processes and equipment in the same furnace or several furnaces in one or several loading cycles. However, when heat treated martensitic steel is in the T state (usually austenitized, quenched, and tempered at lower temperatures to a medium hardness state) or the H state (usually austenitized, quenched, and tempered at lower temperatures to a hard state), as well as when age hardened precipitation hardened steel is treated, "a batch" refers to the same specification, furnace number, and heat treatment furnace.
2、 A313/A313M stainless steel spring steel wire
This standard applies to round wires. There are 10 grades specified, including 302, 304, 305, 316, 321, 347, XM-28, XM-16, and 631, among which 302 is classified into Level 1 and Level 2 requirements based on mechanical properties. The steel wire is supplied in a cold drawn state. After manufacturing and processing, both grades 631 and M-16 steel wires should undergo aging or precipitation hardening to obtain maximum strength; Grade 302 should be stress relieved.
The surface processing of steel wires can be delivered with bright, copper colored, lead colored, oxide or other surface finishes according to user requirements.
The mechanical properties of steel wire, the tensile strength of Grade 302 and 304 are: diameter ≤ 0.23mm, σ B is 2240MPa~2450MPa; Diameter>12.7mm, σ B is 895MPa~1105MPa. The corresponding tensile strength range of steel wire from the minimum size to the maximum size is 2450MPa~895MPa. The tensile strength of Grade 302 is: diameter 1.27mm~4.06mm, in cold drawn state σ B is 1998MPa, stress relieved state σ B is 2000MPa~2343MP. The tensile strength range of 305, 316, 321, and 347 is 1895MPa~850MPa. 631 diameter 0.25mm~15.88mm, σ B is 2035MPa~1400MPa; After precipitation hardening treatment at 482 ℃ for 1 hour, it is 2515MPa~1585MPa. X-16, diameter 0.25mm~12.7mm, cold drawn state σ B is 1690MPa to 1240MPa, and after aging at 454 ℃ for half an hour, it is 2415MPa to 1795MPa. X-28, diameter 0.23mm~12.7mm, σ B is between 2450MPa and 1105M Pa.
The standard also specifies test items such as wrapping, uniformity, throwing, and bending. For example, the requirement for the winding test is that a steel wire with a diameter of ≤ 4.11mm should not be broken when wrapped on its own mandrel 4.11mm steel wire should not be broken when wrapped around a mandrel with a diameter of twice.
1、 General requirements for A555/A555M stainless steel wire rods and wires
This standard specifies the definitions of relevant terms, manufacturing processes, processing quality, dimensions and allowable deviations, allowable deviations in finished product chemical composition, inspection batch requirements, test methods and sampling quantities, retesting and reprocessing, packaging standards, and other aspects.
1.1 Terminology.
Here are two terms:
Wire rod: A semi-finished product mainly used for producing steel wire. Generally, it is a strip of approximately circular cross-section made by hot rolling and continuously rolled into a disc shape.
Steel wire: A type of coil product with a circular or irregular cross-section, made by cold precision processing of wire rods.
1.2 Delivery status and processing quality: According to specific standards and order regulations, goods can be supplied in the state of annealing, bright annealing, cold processing, or user requirements. The material should have uniform and good quality, and possible defects should be limited to not damaging subsequent mechanical processing, forming, or manufacturing of finished parts.
1.3 Dimensions and allowable deviations
Hot rolled wire rod: diameter>6.35mm to 34mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.20mm-+_ 0.30mm, corresponding out of roundness is 0.28mm~0.45mm.
Round steel wire (excluding cold rolled steel wire): diameter ≥ 0.08m~≤ 25.00mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.003mm~0.06mm, and out of roundness does not exceed half of the corresponding dimensional tolerance.
Hexagonal, octagonal, and square steel wires: the distance between the opposite sides is ≥ 3.00mm ≤ 25.00mm, and the corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.005mm~0.12mm.
Flat steel wire: width and allowable deviation - when the width is 1.50mm~≤ 25.00mm, and the thickness is ≤ 6.50m, the corresponding allowable deviation of the width is ± 0.12mm -+± 0.15mm; When the thickness is>6.50mm, it is ± 0.12mm~± 0.10mm. Allowable deviation of thickness - thickness ≥ 0.70mm~≤ 1.00mm, corresponding allowable deviation is ± 0.03mm~+± 0.05mm.
1.4 Regulations for inspection batches
(1) Chemical analysis of finished products: The same heat is used as one inspection batch.
(2) Other tests: Generally, a batch is composed of materials produced with the same heat number, size, and processing conditions.
All austenitic, ferritic, and free cutting stainless steels, as well as martensitic steel in the annealed state and precipitation hardened steel in solution treatment, can be heat treated using controlled treatment processes and equipment in the same furnace or several furnaces in one or several loading cycles. However, when heat treated martensitic steel is in the T state (usually austenitized, quenched, and tempered at lower temperatures to a medium hardness state) or the H state (usually austenitized, quenched, and tempered at lower temperatures to a hard state), as well as when age hardened precipitation hardened steel is treated, "a batch" refers to the same specification, furnace number, and heat treatment furnace.
2、 A313/A313M stainless steel spring steel wire
This standard applies to round wires. There are 10 grades specified, including 302, 304, 305, 316, 321, 347, XM-28, XM-16, and 631, among which 302 is classified into Level 1 and Level 2 requirements based on mechanical properties. The steel wire is supplied in a cold drawn state. After manufacturing and processing, both grades 631 and M-16 steel wires should undergo aging or precipitation hardening to obtain maximum strength; Grade 302 should be stress relieved.
The surface processing of steel wires can be delivered with bright, copper colored, lead colored, oxide or other surface finishes according to user requirements.
The mechanical properties of steel wire, the tensile strength of Grade 302 and 304 are: diameter ≤ 0.23mm, σ B is 2240MPa~2450MPa; Diameter>12.7mm, σ B is 895MPa~1105MPa. The corresponding tensile strength range of steel wire from the minimum size to the maximum size is 2450MPa~895MPa. The tensile strength of Grade 302 is: diameter 1.27mm~4.06mm, in cold drawn state σ B is 1998MPa, stress relieved state σ B is 2000MPa~2343MP. The tensile strength range of 305, 316, 321, and 347 is 1895MPa~850MPa. 631 diameter 0.25mm~15.88mm, σ B is 2035MPa~1400MPa; After precipitation hardening treatment at 482 ℃ for 1 hour, it is 2515MPa~1585MPa. X-16, diameter 0.25mm~12.7mm, cold drawn state σ B is 1690MPa to 1240MPa, and after aging at 454 ℃ for half an hour, it is 2415MPa to 1795MPa. X-28, diameter 0.23mm~12.7mm, σ B is between 2450MPa and 1105M Pa.
The standard also specifies test items such as wrapping, uniformity, throwing, and bending. For example, the requirement for the winding test is that a steel wire with a diameter of ≤ 4.11mm should not be broken when wrapped on its own mandrel 4.11mm steel wire should not be broken when wrapped around a mandrel with a diameter of twice.
